What is Hyaluronic Acid?

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a member of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) family and is comprised of linear, unbranching, polyanionic disaccharide units consisting of glucuronic acid and n-acetyl-glucosamine joined alternately by beta 1,3 and beta-glycosidic bonds. This compound is naturally occurring in the body, with a high abundance found in the joints, skin and eyes. HA has a large water-retaining capacity and has been labelled as the ‘nature’s moisturiser’ due to this function. Additionally, HA acts as a barrier against the spread of disease, as it cushions the nerves and joints.

In the supplement industry, HA is typically derived from rooster combs or the chicken’s sternum. However, Viridian’s HA is vegan, produced by a fermentation process. HA is commonly found in skincare products. In addition, research suggests a potential beneficial role of HA supplementation in joint health (arthritis).

Conflicting evidence has proposed that the molecular weight of HA affects its physiological activity in the body. However, recent research trials observed no significant differences in using varied molecular weights of HA on physiological function and proposed benefits.

What is Hyaluronic Acid used for?

Hyaluronic Acid and aging properties

Dry skin may contribute to pre-mature ageing, the formation of fine lines, wrinkles, and loss of elasticity. Therefore, hydration is essential in maintaining the integrity of the skin and slowing down the formation of wrinkles. Approximately 50% of the body’s HA is found in the skin, where it functions in preserving tissue hydration and supporting the transport of nutrients to the dermal cells4. With regards to ageing, HA’s hydrophilic properties may act as a space-filler in the skin, thus potentially reducing fine lines and wrinkles. Therefore, HA supplementation may be an encouraging strategy to promote skin health.

In a Japanese trial conducted on 61 female subjects (35-60yrs), oral HA supplementation (120mg/day) at a molecular weight of 800K and 300k significantly improved skin moisture content compared to placebo.

Well-hydrated skin is less likely to age quickly.

Similarly, HA supplementation (120mg/day) for 8 weeks in a recent study on men and women observed positive effects on skin3. Additionally, Mariko et. al found no differences between 2k and 300k HA supplementation on skin condition. Both molecular weight formulations contributed to reduced wrinkles and improved skin lustre and suppleness.

Can Hyaluronic Acid help with WOUND HEALING & TISSUE REGENERATION?

HA is a regulator of the wound healing process and provides the needed structural nutrition to form a matrix of new tissue. It is a crucial component to skin tissue reconstruction following trauma. Although HA has a potential role in tissue regeneration, further human trials are required to assess its effectiveness. However, animal and experimental models on HA found positive effects on its use in cases of wound healing and skin repair.

Can Hyaluronic Acid help with OSTEOARTHRITIS ?

Hyaluronic acid has been extensively researched for its role in optimal joint health. Naturally found in and around the joints, HA works to dampen impact on the joints and bones in response to stress and excess weight. HA has also been shown to manage inflammation and lubricate the cartilage, which may suggest a potential use of HA in relieving arthritis.

There are a variety of mechanisms in which HA can protect joints against degradation. Since HA plays an integral part in cartilage and joint structure, HA may help restore the synovial fluid and improve viscoelasticity. Furthermore, HA may reduce the breakdown of cartilage in the joint, by inhibiting the release of enzymes responsible for this process. HA may also inhibit the action of cytokines that may promote the development of inflammation in the joints.

Oral administration of hyaluronan modulates inflammation by upregulating suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 expression and down-regulating pleiotrophin expression via Toll-like receptor-4 in intestinal epithelial cells

In research trials, oral HA supplementation improved symptoms of osteoarthritis in the knee, by reducing pain and inflammation.

Oral hyaluronic Acid improves knee osteoarthritis:

CONTRAINDICIATIONS – Not recommended in patients with hypertension or lymphedema. It has been suggested that oral HA should be avoided by those with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

PREGNANCY AND BREAST-FEEDING- Not recommended during pregnancy or breast-feeding, please refer to the Pregnancy Complex.

DRUG INTERACTIONS - Due to the hydrophilic (water attracting) nature of HA it is not recommended alongside the use of diuretic medication.