So what is the essential man Multivitamin formula ?

Essential Man Multivitamin and Mineral is a complete combination of essential vitamins, minerals and selected phytonutrients to support men aged 18-65.

The unique blend of high quality bioavailable nutrients and botanical extracts help maintain energy and vitality.

Vitamin B5 contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue as well as normal mental performance. Selenium contributes to normal spermatogenesis and immune function. Formulated by expert nutritionists using 100% active ingredients.

Key Features:

31 therapeutic nutrients
Contains maca extract (Peruvian ginseng) at a therapeutic dose
No fillers, binders or artificial additives
Vegan

Supplement daily in conjunction with a healthy balanced diet and combine with an omega oil and probiotic for a complete foundations program.

Why take a Viridian Essential Man Multivitamin Formula?

Male health is a fine balance of providing nourishment for each body system while also supporting lifestyle and environmental factors. Although body systems may be considered individually, they work in synergism and subsequently male health can be considered the incorporation of cardiovascular, respiratory, energy, liver, and detoxification, besides kidney and mineral regulation,brain function and reproductive systems. The most common male health issues are reproductive issues, mental health, cardiovascular outcomes, respiratory diseases, and impaired liver function. Subsequently, men may require a specific set of nutrients and botanicals to support overall health. The Essential Male Multi provides the full spectrum of vitamins and trace elements to support male health. Research shows the importance of a balanced B vitamin intake especially of vitamins B2, B6, B12 and folate to support normal methylation and the recycling of homocysteine. Furthermore, male health is supported by antioxidant nutrients, these include zinc, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, copper, selenium, and manganese.

Given the close relationship between cortisol, thyroid, and sex hormone production, which is via the shared signaling cascade from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland and finally to the respective organ, adaptogenic herbs which support the signaling axis are considered a mainstay for male daily, sporting, and intimate health. Maca, Lepidium meyenii, is a Peruvian root vegetable from the Brassicaceae family, which is known for its adaptogenic activity and endurance support. It is considered that the most effective Maca is that raised in the high Andes, above 4000 metres altitude and includes red, purple, yellow, and black maca root of which, each pigment denotes a unique ratio of bioactives. Nutritionally, maca is 59% carbohydrate and rich in minerals, vitamins, phenolic compounds, and essential oils. It provides Macaridine and unique to maca alkaloids Lepidine A and B, in addition to Macaenes, unique to maca unsaturated fatty acids and amine derivatives, Macamides besides Glucosinolates and Beta-Sisterol.

Why should I take a Multivitamin?

Multivitamins are often used to fill any gaps in nutrition. They are often preferred as they provide a whole spectrum of nutrients and users may refer to them as a dietary assurance that each nutrient necessary for health have been consumed daily.

Several areas of health have been investigated in populations who use multivitamins:

Blood pressure

is one of the primary indicators for change in cardiovascular health status. It is a simple parameter to test via a blood pressure machine, which are now a common consumer item. A meta-analysis of 12 RCTs investigated the effect of regularmultivitaminuseonbloodpressureortheriskofhypertension. The combined data showed that multivitamin use had a lowering effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. This effect was significant in patients diagnosed with a chronic health condition and the effect was 6 times greater in those with hypertension, as compared to normotensive patients. In addition, the Physicians’ Health Study II RCT which considered diet and multivitamin use reported significant interaction effects between multivitamin use and vitamin B6 intake on myocardial infarction, between multivitamin use and vitamin D intake on Cardiovascular Disease mortality and between multivitamin use and vitamin B12 intake on CVD mortality.

Macular health and risk of cataract

are both age-related conditions whereby nutritional factors are considered to interact with the development and progression of the conditions. An RCT investigated the effect of a multivitamin or placebo on the macular health of 14641 male US physicians aged 50 years and onwards. During 11.2 treatment years and follow up the multivitamin group had a significant reduction in the risk of cataract development. A deficiency in certain nutrients and lowered mood has been established in historical research. Subsequently, an RCT investigated the effect of an 8-week multivitamin intervention or placebo on stress and mood in older, healthy, male participants. At baseline, and post intervention the participants completed a series of mood and stress questionnaires. The multivitamin group had a significantly reduced depression, anxiety, and stress score, besides an improvement in alertness and general daily functioning compared to placebo. 6 Another 8-week study of crossover design investigated the epigenetic effects of multivitamin supplementation on 13 elite handball athletes and 13 sedentary controls. Gene expression was analysed at baseline, at the end of the 8 weeks and at 12 weeks whichwasinterspersedwitha4-week period without intervention. The analysis revealed different gene regulation profiles in genes involved in cell communication, cell energy metabolism, inflammation and immune system, oxidative stress and muscle function in athletes compared to sedentary controls at rest. Key genes implicated in several sports performance related functions were upregulated in the athletes, besides after multivitamin supplementation as compared to the sedentary group.

CARDIOVASCULAR Health

Cardiovascular health encompasses the heart organ and the associated tissues and functions that link blood vessels, heart, and lungs for normal oxygenation of the blood and subsequent tissues to occur. Conditions of the peripheral organs are classified under the umbrella term of cardiovascular health. These include hypertension (elevated blood pressure), atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), elevated cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, elevated homocysteine, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Coronary Heart Disease, Myocardial infarction, and Myocardial ischemia, besides obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Circulating and intracardiac levels of the inflammation inducing interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been associated with congestive heart failure. It is considered that IL-6 may contribute to the progression of myocardial damage and cardiac dysfunction in chronic heart failure syndrome. Although IL-6 plays an important role in the initial immune response to viruses, its prolonged activation in cardiac tissues is cause for cardiovascular concern.

In a Peruvian, high altitude, community based cross-sectional study, 27 regular Maca consumers were compared to 23 non-consumers. Maca consumers showed a significantly lower serum IL-6 when compared to non-consumers which may have beneficial effects on lifelong cardiovascular health. Furthermore, a greater number of maca consumers successfully completed the stand up from chair test, and maca consumers had lower scores for testosterone:oestrogen ratio and chronic mountain sickness.

Similarly in a population based, observational study set in the Peruvian central Andes at Carhuamayo, 4100m altitude. This population traditionally consumed Maca, and so the results were compared to a non-maca consuming population. A questionnaire assessed maca consumption,sociodemographic factors, health status and fracture rate in men and women aged 35-75 years. The maca consumption score was associated with a higher health status score, lower fracture rate and lower score for chronic mountain sickness, BMI, and systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, hepatic and kidney function, lipid profile and glycaemia were normal in the maca consuming participants.

An in-vitro analysis revealed that Maca significantly inhibited angiotensin-I-converting enzyme, an enzyme that plays a role in hypertension when activated.

To gain an insight on dietary B vitamin provision and homocysteine status, a blood assessment of those adhering to an omnivore, vegetarian and vegan diet was conducted. Each dietary pattern was associated with a satisfying vitamin B1 status; however, vegans had a significantly lower blood B12 status than omnivores and vegetarians, yet they presented with the greatest average blood folate levels. Deficiencies were highlighted for folate in 18% of omnivores and 10% each in vegans and vegetarians, B2 deficiency in 10% of omnivores and vegetarians and 30% of vegans. Homocysteine was elevated in 66% of the vegans and 45-50% of the omnivores and vegetarians.

Elevated homocysteine

is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular events via a pro-inflammatory and tissue damaging mechanisms. A study that investigated the effect of supplemental B vitamins on the progression of vascular disease reported a reduction in the mean homocysteine level in response to 2.5 mg folic acid, 50 mg B6 and 1 mg B12 as compared to placebo.

To assess for changes in cardiovascular risk, an RCT of 390 participants aged 60-74 years were randomly allocated to receive 50 mg vitamin C or vitamin C, 400 mcg folic acid, 2 mg B6, and 10 mcg B12 for 12 months. Folate and B12 status increased by 253% and 80% respectively after 6 months and maintained to 12 months of supplementation, they then returned to baseline after 6 months without supplementation. There was a significant reduction of cardiovascular risk at 12 months in the combined C and B vitamin group, which too disappeared once supplementation ceased. Subsequently, a continued supply of these nutrients is required to maintain the risk reduction benefits.

Homocysteine metabolism is considered an indicator for the risk of stroke. Mandatory folic acid fortification is considered to reduce the risk of stroke by 15% and this can be increased to 25% by the addition of 50 mcg of vitamin B12 daily. Additionally, a meta-analysis of 30 eligible RCTs involving 82,334 participants reported a risk reduction of 10% for stroke and 4% for overall CVD risk in response to folic acid supplementation. While 12 weeks of folic acid and vitamin B6 supplementation improved serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL-C besides induced changes in serum homocysteine, IL-1β and IL-10 which would be interpreted as the alleviation of homocysteine and inflammation.

High homocysteine is a potential risk for cardiovascular diseases. Subsequently, a crossover study investigated the effect of 2.6 g of choline or placebo in men supplemented for 2 weeks given in a random order. Choline administration decreased fasting plasma homocysteine by 18% and post methionine-loaded increase in total homocysteine by 15%. This was further confirmed by the PROSPECT- EPIC study which showed that high folate and choline intakes were associated with lower homocysteine levels and not associated with CVD occurrence.

Data from the Midlife in the United States Study was analysed to investigate the relationship between carotenoids and lycopene and HRV. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is the measure of the time space between heart beats, it is considered that a healthy range indicates good health,recovery and in a low stress zone. Whereas low HRV may indicate an unrested, ill or stressed state and adaptations to the lifestyle should be considered. The analyses showed that the increased levels of carotenoids and lycopene were positively correlated with a higher HRV. Lower HRV is associated with and increased risk of myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease death. Subsequently, carotenoids and lycopene may influence heart rate automation in a positive manner.

In addition, a systematic review with meta-analysis evaluated evidence from 21 intervention studies that concluded that supplementing with tomato was associated with significant reductions in LDL-C, IL-6 and improved flow mediated dilation of blood vessels, and lycopene supplementation reduced systolic BP. Subsequently, it could be considered that tomato and lycopene intake has a positive effect on blood lipids, blood pressure and endothelial function. Furthermore, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2010, the impact of long- term tomato and lycopene intake was assessed for total and cardiovascular related mortality. Among 23,935 participants, both tomato and lycopene intake were reported to be inversely correlated with total and cerebrovascular mortality. These results highlight a favourable cardioprotective and mortality risk effect.

FERTILITY AND LIBIDO

It is considered that in 40% of nulliparous couples that poor male fertility is the reason. Sperm quality is an important factor which includes the normal formation and motility of the sperm but also their ability to fertilise the oocyte.

Several factors can influence the frequency and intensity of libido that includes existing health conditions, age, stress, and toxin load. Psychologically lowered libido can affect both the afflicted and their partner may experience feelings of inadequacy and inability but also it may affect connection and ego.

A systematic review of three random controlled trials (RCT) and two observational studies reported favourable effects on sperm mobility in infertile men and improved semen quality parameters in response to Maca use. Given the method of data extraction the quantity and duration of maca necessary to elicit these responses was inconclusive. However, a 4-month treatment using 1500 or 3000 mg daily of Maca in 9 men aged 24-44 years was reported to increase seminal volume, sperm count and sperm motility, yet serum testosterone, oestrogen and prolactin were not affected.

Furthermore, an in-vitro fertilization model of human sperm was shown to improve the oocyte acrosome reaction, this is a crucial step whereby the sperm latches on to the oocyte in preparation for penetration, in response to the presence of maca in the human tubal fluid.

Sexual desire and cycling performance were investigated in 8 trained male cyclists. Each athlete completed a 40 km time trial and completed a questionnaire to assess sexual desire before and after 14 days of Maca extract or placebo supplementation in a randomized crossover fashion. The maca extract group reported an increase in sexual desire and performed superior time trails compared to baseline.

The subjective perception of general and sexual wellbeing can be impacted by mild erectile dysfunction. Subsequently, based on traditional use as an aphrodisiac, Maca was investigated in a random controlled trial of 50 Caucasian men affected by erectile dysfunction. The men were randomly allocated to receive 2400mg of maca or a placebo. Assessment was conducted at baseline and 12 weeks using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the Satisfaction Profile (Sat-P). After 12 weeks the maca group reported a significantly increased IIEF and psychological performance, physical and social related Sat-P score compared to baseline.

A common side effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor antidepressant therapy is sexual dysfunction. Subsequently, an RCT investigated the effects of Maca in 20 remitted, depressed outpatients with SSRI sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction was measured using the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASES) and the Massachusetts General Hospital Sexual Function Questionnaire (MGHSFQ). Follow up was incomplete, yet 16 subjects fulfilled intent to treat criteria, in which 3 grams of maca daily produced a significant improvement in ASES and MGHSFQ score. A significantly improved libido was reported in the 10 participants who fully completed the trial. Subsequently it is considered that maca may offer relief from SSRI induced sexual dysfunction.

Selenium

is a well-known trace mineral that plays an essential component of selenoproteins that contributes to antioxidant defense and a role in testosterone production. Subsequently, it has been reported that dietary intake of selenium in associated with male fertility and testosterone levels.

A systematic review of 6 articles reported that 180mcg, 240mcg of selenomethionine decreased lipid hydroperoxide levels and increased glutathione peroxidase in male athletes. The selenium concentration in blood and seminal plasma was investigated in 60 infertile men. Blood selenium status was significantly increased in oligospermic (low sperm count) as compared to azoospermic (absence of sperm) subjects, whereas the seminal plasma level was significantly higher in azoospermic compared to oligospermic subjects. A significant inverse correlation was observed between blood selenium and sperm count. And seminal selenium correlated with spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphology. Subsequently selenium appeared to have a positive influence on Leydig cells and influence the secretion of testosterone.

Zinc

plays a critical role in the maintenance of cell membrane integrity, protein- carbohydrate-lipid metabolism, immune system, wound injury and in the regulation ofbiologicalprocessesthatareassociatedwithnormalgrownanddevelopment. A severe to moderate deficiency of zinc is associated with hypogonadism in men. Subsequently, the effect of marginal zinc deficiency upon testosterone concentrations was investigated. Serum testosterone concentrations were significantly correlated with cellular zinc. Dietary zinc restriction in normal young men was associated with a significant decrease in serum testosterone concentration after 20 weeks. Zinc supplementation in marginally zinc deficient normal elderly men for 6 months resulted in an increase in serum testosterone. These results show that zinc plays an important role in the modulation of serum testosterone in normal men.

The reproductive organs are especially at risk of oxidative damage from free radical generation. It is considered that 30-80% of male infertility cases are due to oxidative damage, which may mean that antioxidant nutrients may play a beneficial role. A systematic review with meta-analysis included 3 trials with 149 males given CoQ10 and 147 given the placebo. The accumulated data showed that CoQ10 supplementation in infertile men significantly increased seminal concentration, sperm concentration and sperm motility. 31 These results were also replicated for 200 mg CoQ10 daily and a 200 mg CoQ10 and 200 mcg selenium combination daily.

Varicocele are enlarged veins of the scrotum, which are considered a result of oxidative damage and affect male fertility. The antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma of infertile men with varicocele before and after 100 mg CoQ10 supplementation for 3 months. CoQ10 therapy improved semen parameters and antioxidant status. 33 Finally, a combination of 80 mg of vitamin C, 40 mg vitamin E and 120 mg of CoQ10 daily for 6 months was shown to improve sperm parameters in infertile men with oligoasthenozoospermia.

The reproductive tissues are at risk of excessive amounts of oxidative stress generation which may result in sperm peroxidation and lowered motility and viability. Lycopene, a potent antioxidant has been reported to improve sperm parameters and pregnancy rates via 4-8 mg daily taken for 3-12 months.

BRAIN HEALTH

The human brain is the most complex known structure in the universe. Thisisreflectiveofitsroleasthecentralorganofthenervoussystemand its connection to every part of the human body via a complex system of nervous connections. At70%fatincompositionthebrainisatriskofoxidativedamageand neurotoxins if dietary antioxidant enzyme precursors, cofactors and antioxidant nutrients are lowered.

An in-vitro study investigated the mechanism behind the neuroprotective effects of the Maca bioactive; macamides. Macamides are structural analogues of the endocannabinoid anandamide and compose of N-(3-methoxybenzyl)oleamide (MAC 18:1), N-(3-methoxybenzyl)linoleamide (MAC 18:2) and N-(3- methoxybenzyl)linoleamide (MAC 18:3). Glioblastoma cells were exposed to a neurotoxic environment of which the effects were attenuated by all three of the macamides tested. Secondly, human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR activation was observed in response to MAC 18:2 and MAC 18:3. Overall these findings suggest that macamides may be neuroprotective in a toxic environment in a manner that supports metabolism regulation, energy homeostasis and inflammation.

A group of individuals were assessed at low and high altitude for health status and chronic mountain sickness, they received either 3 g daily of black or red Maca extract or placebo for 12 weeks. Both extracts induced an improvement in mood, energy, and health status, and reduced the chronic mountain sickness score. The effects upon mood, energy and chronic mountain sickness score were greater with red maca. Black maca reduced haemoglobin levels in those with abnormally high levels at high altitude and reduced blood glucose levels irrelevant of altitude. Interestingly, red maca had greater amounts of naturally occurring GABA. The suggested mechanism of action linked macamides to endocannabinoid activity and the inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation, which may enhance serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission along with the presence of GABA to exert an antidepressant effect.

The B vitamin family comprises of 8 water soluble vitamins that perform essential roles in cellular functioning. They act as cofactors to catalyse the activity of enzyme functions. Several B vitamins are considered essential for normal brain function. Choline is a structural component of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is responsible for initiating memory, knowledge acquisition, recall and problem solving- knowledge application. B2, B6, B12 and folate (B9) are necessary for the metabolism of homocysteine and normal methylation, this is a process that occurs in every cell of the body including those of the brain. In addition, the B family play a role in the synthesis of hormones, neurotransmitters and signaling molecules plus energy production, each of which are essential functions that contribute to brain function.

To investigate the role of vitamins B3, B6, B12 and folate in cognitive function, the diet of a community-based cohort of participants aged 18-30 years was assessed and compared to measurements of cognitive function. The highest intake of B3 was associated with greater psychomotor speed and executive function. Folate, B6 and B12 were also associated with greater executive function.

In a group of mild cognitive impairment elderly patients were given 800 mcg folic acid, 500 mcg B12, and 20 mg B6 or placebo for 24 months during which homocysteine levels and brain atrophy were measured. The accelerated rate of brain atrophy was slowed in the intervention group when compared to the placebo group. Theseresultswereconsideredtoberelatedtotheloweredhomocysteine levels. 40 A 6-year observational study that collected routine blood analyses and cognitive screening scores of patients aged 60 years or older reported that a higher folate concentration was associated with better cognitive performances. Estimated mini mental state examination means for folate versus homocysteine showed that folate deficiency was associated with worse cognitive performances and a greater severity of cognitive impairment when hyperhomocysteinemia was present.

Dietary choline and the risk of incident dementia with cognitive performance was investigated in middle aged and older men enrolled in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Those with the greatest choline intake as compared to those with the lowest had a 28% lower risk of incident dementia and were associated with better performance in cognitive tests. Similarly, in the Framingham Offspring community-based population of non-demented individuals a higher concurrent choline intake was associated with better cognitive performance.

Immune System

The immune function is a sophisticated and essential function to protect the body from pathogenic bacteria, yeasts, molds, parasites, and viruses. However, ageing, and certain health conditions can depress the immune response and create a state of hypoimmunity, namely lowered immunity. This state can make an individual predisposed to the contraction of infections and a slow and prolonged recovery from illness. Several botanicals are known for their interaction with the immune system in a supporting or tuning sense. However, Maca’s effect on the immune system is rarely discussed.

An in-vitro study investigated the effect of Maca polysaccharides; MC-1, MC-2 and MC-3, upon macrophage polarization. Macrophage polarization is an important concept in the immune function. Macrophages develop a distinct phenotype in response to the microenvironment and become M1 type which exerts antibacterial and inflammatory effects or M2 which are anti-inflammatory. The immunostimulant assay indicated that MC-1 could significantly enhance pinocytic and phagocytic capacity and promote nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-6 secretion thus activating an immune response that would be antibacterial and proinflammatory. It was further revealed that MC-2 induced M1 polarisation and convert M2 macrophages into M1 phenotype which inhibits inflammatory reactions. These findings show that maca polysaccharides induce an immune cascade that would benefit hypo immune individuals to overcome infections.

Beyond dietary B vitamins, the microbiome is a recognized source of B vitamins and accordingly a simple distinction is that dietary B vitamins are absorbed in the small intestine whereas bacterial-derived B vitamins are produced and absorbed in the large intestine. Subsequently, it is plausible that gut immune cell populations are differentially repressed and activated in a site-specific manner.

MENTAL HEALTH –

Several theories underlie the basis of mental health conditions, these include neurotransmitter imbalance, inflammation of the brain, oxidative damage, and toxin load. Yet there may be other indirect influences such as diet, lifestyle, and hormone interactions.

A systematic review with meta-analysis of 16 trials which included 2015 participants reported that 3 or more B vitamins taken for 4 weeks or more improved mood in 11 of the trials. Of those participants considered ‘at risk’ via stress, 62.5% found a significant benefit on mood in response to B vitamins.

Vitamin D is known to play a role in the development and function of neuronal and glial cells. Plus, a role in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative damage, and the buffering of calcium levels in the brain. Each of which, and cumulatively may influence mental health when in a state of vitamin D deficiency. An RCT of 64 patients under methadone maintenance treatment, were randomly allocated to receive 50000iu of vitamin D given fortnightly for 24 weeks or placebo. Cognitive and mental health measures were taken at baseline and post treatment for evaluation.

As expected,serum vitamin D levels had increased in the intervention group when compared to placebo. In addition, the vitamin D group showed a significant reduction in the Iowa gambling task and significant increase in the verbal fluency test, immediate logic memory, reverse digit span and visual working memory besides a significantly improved Beck Depression Index score. Similarly, a review of studies showed that in 33 of 41 trials that inadequate vitamin D could be associated to the pathogenesis of mental disorders.

AGEING

Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and oxidative damage are associated with ageing and dysmetabolic conditions. To investigate the effect of antioxidant nutrients and CoQ10 on AGE markers, 20 elderly participants were randomly assigned to 4 weeks successively of Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean diet and CoQ10 or a western high saturated fat diet. The Mediterranean diet modulated redox-state parameters, reduced AGE levels and increased oestrogen receptor-α and glyoxalase I, this effect was exacerbated by the addition of CoQ10 thus supporting promising evidence in ameliorating ageing.

EXERCISE PERFORMANCE

Sedentary men participated in a crossover trial that investigated the effect of two 8-week CoQ10 or placebo supplemental periods. Five Wingate tests were performed at baseline, after CoQ10 or placebo during the study period. During the 5th Wingate test in the CoQ10 group the mean power increased, yet the fatigue indexes decreased across all tests.

EFSA Permitted Health Claims

Pantothenic acid contributes to normal synthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones, vitamin D and some neurotransmitters.

Iodine contributes to the normal production of thyroid hormones and normal thyroid function.

Selenium contributes to normal spermatogenesis.

Vitamin D contributes to the maintenance of normal bones, muscle function and the

normal function of the immune system.

Vitamin E contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

Vitamin K contributes to normal blood clotting.

Zinc contributes to normal cognitive function, the maintenance of normal testosterone levels in the blood and to normal fertility and reproduction.

What are the Ingredients of Viridian's Essential Man Formula?

As a food supplement, take two capsules daily with food or as recommended by your healthcare practitioner. This is a food supplement not to be used as a substitute for a varied diet. Store in a cool dry place, out of the sight and reach of children.

Two capsules provide:

Ingredient	Weight	%EC NRV
Maca (equivalent to 800mg maca root)	200mg
Vitamin B5 (Calcium d-patothenate)	100mg	1666
Iodine (from Kelp and potassium iodide)	150ug	100
Potassium (as citrate)	40mg	2
Vitamin C (as magnesium and calcium ascorbate)	130mg	163
Magnesium (as citrate and ascorbate)	8mg	2
Calcium (as citrate and ascorbate)	10mg	1
Natural Beta Carotene Eqivalent to Vitamin A (833ug)	5mg	104
Lycopene (from tomato extract)	5mg
Zinc (as citrate)	15mg	150
Vitamin E Natural (D-Alpha Tocopherol Succinate) (50IU)	33mg	275
Vitamin B1 (as thiamine HCI)	25mg	2272
Vitamin B3 (as nicotinamide)	25mg	156
Vitamin B2 (as riboflavin)	25mg	1786
Co-enzyme Q10	25mg
Pine bark extract (95% OPCs)	20mg
Selenium (as methionine)	50ug	90
Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxine HCI)	10mg	714
Choline (as bitartrate)	5mg
Vitamin K2 (MK-7)	20ug	27
Molybdenum	20ug	40
Inositol	5mg
Iron (as bisglycinate)	1mg	7
Vitamin D3 (Vegan) (400IU)	10ug	200
Manganese (as citrate)	1mg	50
Boron (as sodium tetraborate)	500ug
Chromium (as picolinate)	100ug	250
Copper (as citrate)	1mg	100
Folic acid	400ug	200
Biotin	50ug	100
Vitamin B12 (as adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin)	50ug	2000

Maca

(equivalent to 800mg maca root)

Vitamin B5 (Calcium d-patothenate)

Iodine (from Kelp and potassium iodide)

Potassium (as citrate)

Vitamin C (as magnesium and calcium ascorbate)

Magnesium (as citrate and ascorbate)

Calcium (as citrate and ascorbate)

Natural Beta Carotene

Eqivalent to Vitamin A (833ug)

Lycopene (from tomato extract)

Zinc (as citrate)

Vitamin E Natural (D-Alpha Tocopherol Succinate) (50IU)

Vitamin B1 (as thiamine HCI)

Vitamin B3 (as nicotinamide)

Vitamin B2 (as riboflavin)

Co-enzyme Q10

Pine bark extract (95% OPCs)

Selenium (as methionine)

Vitamin B6 (as pyridoxine HCI)

Choline (as bitartrate)

Vitamin K2 (MK-7)

Molybdenum

Inositol

Iron (as bisglycinate)

Vitamin D3 (Vegan) (400IU)

Manganese (as citrate)

Boron (as sodium tetraborate)

Chromium (as picolinate)

Copper (as citrate)

Folic acid

Biotin

Vitamin B12 (as adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin)

Safety

• None documented. Contraindications

• Potential contraindications include statins, blood interacting medications and immunosuppressants. Please advise to seek advice from their healthcare professional.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

• Not for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Drug interactions

• Statins, blood interacting medication and immunosuppressants. Recommended use:

• For adult use, two capsules daily taken with food. Or as advised by your healthcare professional.

Related products:

Due to their large molecular size the addition of minerals such as magnesium and calcium necessitate the addition of further food supplements. In the case of stress management, hormone support, energy production and mood support an additional 300-600 mg of magnesium daily taken with food can be useful.